A Contextual Introduction
Johann Georg Gichtel’s correspondence offers one of the most direct ways into the distinction he makes between the Adeptus and the Putatitius. Rather than presenting that distinction as a systematic doctrine, the letters reveal it through Gichtel’s judgments, warnings, recollections, and descriptions of the spiritual path.
The three letters gathered here—XI, XIII, and XVIII, all written from Amsterdam in 1697—belong to a larger correspondence in which Gichtel responds to a correspondent’s questions concerning a particular contemporary figure and his claims to philosophical and alchemical knowledge. They are especially valuable because Gichtel does not discuss the matter in abstract terms alone. He repeatedly tests claims of knowledge against the inward condition of the person who makes them.
Letter XI asks directly whether the correspondent’s friend is an Adeptus or Putatitius. Letter XIII develops the distinction through the contrast between Einbildung—an imagined possession of knowledge—and what is possessed realiter. Letter XVIII then gives the positive counterpart: the true Philosophus must be “born of God from the inner Centre,” from the heavenly World of Light of Sophia.
The present reader is intended as a companion to the larger study of the Gichtel–Adeptus–Putatitius conversation we have published earlier. It therefore deliberately keeps interpretation to a minimum and allows Gichtel’s own words to establish the vocabulary and movement of the argument.
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Editorial Note on the Translation
The translation has been made directly from Johann Georg Gichtel’s Theosophia Practica, Volume V, in the 1768 Berlin edition. The source is a digitized copy of the edition held by the Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen.
The English is intentionally conservative. Gichtel’s technical vocabulary—Adeptus, Putatitius, Turba, Spiritus Mundi, Tinctur, Particular, Sophia, Philosophus, and related terms—is generally retained rather than translated away. Historical spelling and capitalization have not been reproduced in the English, but unusual or potentially significant formulations have not been silently corrected.
Where the German is syntactically compressed or contains a difficult expression, the translation follows the sense as closely as possible. A few particularly uncertain or unusual printed readings are retained in transliteration rather than conjecturally emended. The German originals may be supplied separately as an appendix, preserving the historical text apart from normalization of the long ſ for digital readability. The paragraph numbering follows the original letters.
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The Eleventh Letter
To the Same
Extract Letter.
Amsterdam, 1697
1. My principles are quite different from those of the well-known friend. I have endeavoured to hold to faith in Jesus and to renounce everything earthly, which, through God’s holy will, falls to us and follows after us of itself, as my own experience has taught me for these thirty-three years.
2. Praying within the chamber reaches God sooner than begging before the door. This is the way I have had to follow, and I wished that all people were like me; only, the gifts of God are different.
3. One may indeed think that, once one has one’s necessities, one would afterwards wish to serve dear God with all the powers of body and soul. Yes—if we did not have flesh and blood within us, and if wrath stood swallowed up in love.
4. The Tempter knew how to bring Adam out of the Temperament, and how to sift the children of Israel in the wilderness and bring them into unbelief, so that of six hundred thousand only two came into the Promised Land, as is known.
5. Your Lordship acts very wisely in holding firmly to Jesus and seriously placing your will in His hands. He will bring us out of the heavy yoke of the Spiritus Mundi and through the wilderness of the flesh into the heavenly Jerusalem, when it pleases Him.
6. I have heartfelt compassion for Your Lordship’s anguished imprisonment, and sigh unceasingly to God for the illumination of his soul. For darkness closes us into the chamber of anguish and separates God and us in our perception.
7. Let all our undertakings, however, be placed in God’s direction. As He orders them, so we must be content to accept them, as is also the case with Your Lordship, as I gladly perceive from his letters.
8. With me things have happened very wonderfully. The Spiritus Mundi offered me, on one side, wealth, honour, and every outward good, and followed after me for twenty years. But because, within me, heavenly Wisdom appeared face to face and, if I would renounce the offer, promised me her faithfulness, what was I to do? I could not serve two masters. I finally had to leave one and cleave to the other, and believe that God cannot lie.
9. When I had therefore renounced the Spiritus Mundi, it aroused a violent struggle and fiercely assaulted my mind for ten years, so that I had to pass through an exceedingly sharp fire and enter essentially into Christ’s Process—which it would have been impossible for me to endure had I had wife and children.
10. I risked my life in it, and wrestled unto blood in the strength of Jesus. Whether I had done too much or too little, I had done it only to myself. Thanks be to God, who has given us the victory through Jesus and laid low the fiery Cherub of selfhood!
11. God has greatly withdrawn Himself in outward things and allowed His divine powers to stand inactive for a long time, so that it almost seemed as though the waves would beat the little ship to pieces. Yet let others go as it may. I understand Your Lordship’s heavy imprisonment very well, and know what it is like in the heart when one would gladly do something and cannot. But I find no other remedy than to cry unceasingly to God that He may look into it and graciously bring about a rescue, &c.
12. During this continuing struggle with the fiery Cherub, good friends came who indeed meant it heartily and well, and who considered me, the most despicable of all, worthy before others of their sciences; they also offered and disclosed these to me in love.
13. Finally, an unknown friend spent the night with me, and discoursed with me centraliter, showing what it is after which the world runs so fiercely. I also humbly thanked him, since I was standing in a fiery Proba and was not myself master, but only experienced how we should seek to love God above all things, and the rest then falls to us of itself. Yet I cannot prescribe a law or rule to another, since we do not all walk according to one rule.
14. I do not know what God intends for me. There is within me a hunger for the heavenly Virgin, and this too is not from flesh and blood. And whenever I place this hunger or desire in something lesser, the Turba is aroused and swallows my light, which nevertheless is the lamp of my way.
15. Therefore I must go as my Guide leads me, hold fast to the Virgin alone, and let everything else go as it may.
16. Everything that God has created was formed for the purpose that it should fear, love, and trust its Creator above all things. Adam did not accept this and lost his noble dwelling, as did Lucifer.
17. Where we now practise this, we must also watch the Tempter, who not only presents creatures to us but also kindles us with pleasure and perverted desire, causing us to fall from the Creator to the creature with a false love. This is presented sub bona Intentione—under a good intention—and through it many valiant souls in my time have been brought down, who must spend their lives in the greatest hardship and can never free themselves from the bonds of the Devil.
18. This has always kept me in fear, so that I trusted no good opinion, even when it was permissible, but let everything sink into God: let whatever He wills come to pass! And I do not regret it. For it is enough for me when God attains His will in me. If it pleases Him, He also fulfils my creaturely will, and I remain in humility and resignation.
19. “Saint John the Evangelist made gold and silver from twigs, and pearls from stones,” as the hymn says, and yet he used neither metals nor Tincture, but faith in Jesus, which God can also give according to His measure of grace to those who seek to bear the fruits of faith, &c.
Time will reveal whether this friend of yours is an Adeptus or Putatitius.
20. When God’s time comes, He will also bind the Cherub and remove the bolt in flesh and blood which the Devil has pushed into place, so that our clouded mind will be able to see into perfection.
21. The voice of the preaching office has sounded forth. The Laici will hear it, and the Clerici will remain blind. They ride in all religions upon the beast with seven heads and build Babel. But the Angel has appeared and cried: Cecidit Babylon Meretrix, Civitas illa magna!—which will certainly come to pass.
22. God would not reveal Himself at Bethel and Dan, although Jeroboam built Cherubim and altars to the Lord, but at Jerusalem, where He established the remembrance of His Name.
23. Therefore, when you wish to pray, go into your chamber, close the door behind you, teach Christ. Dear Father seeks true worshippers and cannot find them. For in prayer the Name Jesus, in which the Glaubens-Magia stands, is offered forth, and it accomplishes much when it is upright.
24. This has been my ownest and only exercise continually, and still is. If I lack something spiritually or bodily, I run to God and ask Him for it. He provides everything, in all outward things.
25. Even in the Tinctura Philosophorum I find the Turba, and see that its possessors go about fleetingly and can accomplish little good. For the Spiritus Mundi itself stands against them, encloses them in selfhood, and hinders them in every good thing. They do not know the true poverty; they do not have the spirit of Discretion. They do not help where they should and where there is need, but where they wish.
26. Therefore it is not good to be an Adeptus where one has not inwardly overcome the Turba and bound the Devil. Our experience far surpasses the Lapis Philosophorum, for we must wrestle and fight with gods, and, according to the spiritual understanding—which is God Himself—[this] is engraved within us.
27. Although it was not the work of my own selfhood, but of the Spirit of Jesus, who fought fiercely with the Dragon-Beast. We could have accomplished nothing. Adam has consumed the powers of the Light, lost the Virgin, and received an earthly woman; therefore the Spiritus Mundi carries us.
28. But I know that the Virgin will again mock him, if only she lets us hold fast in spirit to Jesus, who has brought the Virgin back to us. Hallelujah!
29. People are unaccustomed to suffering, and would rather go to Hell for the sake of the belly than die for Christ’s sake.
30. May God graciously raise up dear Herr N., so that two Mala may collide in him: Predestination and a dark melancholic complexion. And if he is not well-begotten, so much the worse. Perhaps in his first Victorie-Schreiben he let himself go too far and did not consider that he could fall down again.
31. This opinion makes many strange assertions concerning the will of God and does not rightly grasp Paul in his ground, for he has quite another aim than what one forces out of his words.
32. God divided the Jewish people under Jeroboam and Rehoboam so that they had to exercise one another in conflict, and thus the righteous in Israel were separated from the idolatrous. So it will also happen in those lands, for people lie still upon the dregs, and the good is utterly spoiled among the great quantity of weeds.
Commending you to dear Jesus, &c.
33. P.S. The friend is simple-minded, so much I gather from his little letter; but in humility he has a defect, as we all do. Should God be pleased that he make himself known through letters, I do not doubt that he will receive serious instruction which will make his conscience alert.
34. It is not permissible to deal with God’s gifts according to one’s own will; the accounting will certainly follow. And if they have not been made to bear interest, they will nevertheless be taken from them, and they must expect blows besides.
This has always made me fearful, observing that a human being often strives after divine gifts to his own judgment and destruction, without having the understanding to present them to God with interest.
35. The good Adepti must go fleetingly and dare not show themselves in the least, or people seize upon them. Among a thousand they do not find even one faithful and discreet person to whom they may reveal themselves.
36. The Spiritus Mundi must stand in great fear because of the fall of its dominion. As soon as it catches sight of even one [who has escaped it], it seizes him and takes him out of the world. Whoever does not thoroughly understand the ground of this world’s creation and Adam’s deep Fall cannot well comprehend how deeply Satan has intervened in us.
37. I have experienced it very well—sed satis. I leave everything outside myself. In eternity we shall see what here we must believe, when knowledge will be more complete.
Vale in Deo, ut in Literis.
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